Primeros Episodios Psicóticos en el Área Norte de Almería (Psychorisk study)

Objetivo: Recientes estudios sugieren que los Primeros Episodios Psicóticos podrían guardar relación con género, desempleo y lugar de residencia. En este estudio retrospectivo se analiza la asociación entre la incidencia de psicosis ajustada por edad y sexo y los factores de riesgo (inmigración, tasa de suicidio, zona rural o urbana y desempleo) desde 2008 hasta 2013. Métodos: Entre el 2008- 2013, 111 Primeros Episodios Psicóticos en el Área Norte de Almería. La asociación entre la variable dependiente (incidencia de psicosis) y las independientes género, inmigración, desempleo, y tasa de suicidio fueron analizadas mediante un modelo de regresión lineal múltiple. Las tasas de suicidio fueron incluidas a través de los datos del Atlas Interactivo de Mortalidad de Andalucía (AIMA). Resultados: La tasa de incidencia de psicosis en el Norte de Almería era de 20 casos por 100,000 individuos por año (rango de incidencia 8-22) durante el periodo 2009 - 2013. Además esta incidencia aumenta en los años 2011 y 2012, en determinadas unidades (Garrucha, Cuevas, Huércal Overa, Marmol y Vera) dentro del área de estudio con respecto a otras (Pulpí y los Vélez) en relación a una unidad de referencia (Albox). En el 68.8% del valor de la tasa de incidencia de psicosis puede ser explicada por la variabilidad de desempleo, género, zona de residencia y suicidio. Por cada punto de porcentaje aumentado en la tasa de desempleo, el número de primeros episodios psicóticos decrece en 0.946. Las mujeres tienen una tasa media de 1.433 de primeros episodios psicóticos menos que los hombres. Este estudio muestra una relación positiva entre el suicidio y las otras dos variables como son el desempleo y la incidencia de primeros episodios psicóticos. De hecho por cada punto que se incrementa el suicido, el número de primeros episodios psicóticos se incrementa en 1.193 por 10000 habitantes. Así como el ser inmigrante tiene una correlación bilateral positiva con primeros episodios psicóticos (correlación de Pearson de 0.318, p < 0.001)). Conclusiones: La incidencia encontrada de psicosis en el Norte de Almería es mayor que la realmente esperable , al tratarse de una zona rural. Esta incidencia de psicosis está asociada a género, inmigración, lugar de residencia, tasa de suicidio y desempleo. En el Norte de Almería el desempleo es más alto que en otras partes de Andalucía y España. Las altas tasas de desempleo previo al inicio de la psicosis pueden enmascarar los síntomas pródromicos de psicosis. Las personas en el Norte de Almería que están desempleadas podrían tener un periodo de tiempo con psicosis sin tratamiento (DUP) más largo, y secundariamente una detección más tardía y un diagnóstico retrasado. Por tanto, este estudio resalta la importancia de centrar la atención en la detección precoz de los primeros episodios psicóticos

Phosphorylation of Intrinsically Disordered Regions in Remorin Proteins

Plant-specific remorin proteins reside in subdomains of plasma membranes, originally termed membrane rafts. They probably facilitate cellular signal transduction by direct interaction with signaling proteins such as receptor-like kinases and may dynamically modulate their lateral segregation within plasma membranes. Recent evidence suggests such functions of remorins during plant–microbe interactions and innate immune responses, where differential phosphorylation of some of these proteins has been described to be dependent on the perception of the microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP) flg22 and the presence of the NBS–LRR resistance protein RPM1. A number of specifically phosphorylated residues in their highly variable and intrinsically disordered N-terminal regions have been identified. Sequence diversity of these evolutionary distinct domains suggests that remorins may serve a wide range of biological functions. Here, we describe patterns and features of intrinsic disorder in remorin protein and discuss possible functional implications of phosphorylation within these rapidly evolving domains

Strong conservatism of floral morphology during the rapid diversification of the genus Helianthemum

Premise: Divergence of floral morphology and breeding systems are often expected to be linked to angiosperm diversification and environmental niche divergence. However, available evidence for such relationships is not generalizable due to different taxonomic, geographical and time scales. The Palearctic genus Helianthemum shows the highest diversity of the family Cistaceae in terms of breeding systems, floral traits, and environmental conditions as a result of three recent evolutionary radiations since the Late Miocene. Here, we investigated the tempo and mode of evolution of floral morphology in the genus and its link with species diversification and environmental niche divergence. Methods: We quantified 18 floral traits from 83 taxa and applied phylogenetic comparative methods using a robust phylogenetic framework based on genotypingby‐ sequencing data. Results: We found three different floral morphologies, putatively related to three different breeding systems: type I, characterized by small flowers without herkogamy and low pollen to ovule ratio; type II, represented by large flowers with approach herkogamy and intermediate pollen to ovule ratio; and type III, featured by small flowers with reverse herkogamy and the highest pollen to ovule ratio. Each morphology has been highly conserved across each radiation and has evolved independently of species diversification and ecological niche divergence. Conclusions: The combined results of trait, niche, and species diversification ultimately recovered a pattern of potentially non‐adaptive radiations in Helianthemum and highlight the idea that evolutionary radiations can be decoupled from floral morphology evolution even in lineages that diversified in heterogeneous environments as the Mediterranean Basin.Spanish Government CGL2014-52459-P CGL2017-82465-PNext Generation funds of the European Union through a Margarita Salas postdoctoral contractSpanish Sistema Nacional de Garantia Juvenil y del Programa Operativo de Empleo Juvenil 2014-202

La retroactividad de la reclamación de alimentos en caso de determinación judicial de la filiación paterna

El Tribunal Supremo ha resuelto acerca de la retroactividad de la pensión de alimentos cuando la filiación es determinada judicialmente, incluso años después del nacimiento. En concreto, se analizan dos supuestos en los que las madres reclaman a los padres de sus hijos, el reembolso de las cuantías que ellas han estado abonando en exclusiva en el período comprendido entre el nacimiento de los hijos hasta la determinación judicial de la filiación. Es coincidente la Sala al determinar que la obligación de prestar alimentos será exigible desde el momento de la interposición de la demanda y no desde el nacimiento del hijo

2D structure and kinematics of a representative sample of low-z ultra-luminous infrared galaxies

En port.: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, Departamento de Astrofísica Molecular e InfrarrojaTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Física Teórica. Fecha de lectura: 20-12-200

Draft Genome Sequence of Phyllobacterium endophythicum mTS5, Isolated from Lupinus micranthus in Tunisia

We report here the draft genome sequence of Phyllobacterium endophyticum mTS5, isolated from a Lupinus micranthus root nodule. The genome consists of 5,454,168 bp, with a GC content of 57%, and contains 5,676 protein-coding sequences

Crosstalk between chromatin structure, cohesin activity and transcription

Background: A complex interplay between chromatin and topological machineries is critical for genome architec‑ ture and function. However, little is known about these reciprocal interactions, even for cohesin, despite its multiple roles in DNA metabolism. Results: We have used genome‑wide analyses to address how cohesins and chromatin structure impact each other in yeast. Cohesin inactivation in scc1‑73 mutants during the S and G2 phases causes specific changes in chromatin structure that preferentially take place at promoters; these changes include a significant increase in the occupancy of the − 1 and + 1 nucleosomes. In addition, cohesins play a major role in transcription regulation that is associated with specific promoter chromatin architecture. In scc1‑73 cells, downregulated genes are enriched in promoters with short or no nucleosome‑free region (NFR) and a fragile “nucleosome − 1/RSC complex” particle. These results, together with a preferential increase in the occupancy of nucleosome − 1 of these genes, suggest that cohesins promote transcription activation by helping RSC to form the NFR. In sharp contrast, the scc1‑73 upregulated genes are enriched in promoters with an “open” chromatin structure and are mostly at cohesin‑enriched regions, suggesting that a local accumulation of cohesins might help to inhibit transcription. On the other hand, a dramatic loss of chromatin integrity by histone depletion during DNA replication has a moderate effect on the accumulation and distribution of cohesin peaks along the genome. Conclusions: Our analyses of the interplay between chromatin integrity and cohesin activity suggest that cohesins play a major role in transcription regulation, which is associated with specific chromatin architecture and cohesin‑ mediated nucleosome alterations of the regulated promoters. In contrast, chromatin integrity plays only a minor role in the binding and distribution of cohesins.Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivenes BFU2012-38171, BFU2015-63698-PAndalusian Government P12-CTS-227

Integral field spectroscopy based Hα sizes of local luminous and ultraluminous infrared galaxies. A direct comparison with high-z massive star-forming galaxies

[Aims]: We study the analogy between local luminous and ultraluminous infrared galaxies (U/LIRGs) and high-z massive star forming galaxies (SFGs) by comparing their basic Hα structural characteristics, such as size and luminosity surface density, in an homogeneous way (i.e. same tracer, size definition, and similar physical scales). [Methods]: We use integral field spectroscopy (IFS) based Hα emission maps for a representative sample of 54 local U/LIRGs (66 galaxies) observed with INTEGRAL/WHT and VIMOS/VLT. From this initial sample, we select 26 objects with similar Hα luminosities (L(Hα)) to those of massive (i.e. M * ∼ 10 10 M ⊙ or larger) SFGs at z ∼ 2, and observed on similar physical scales. We then directly compare the sizes, and luminosity (and SFR) surface densities of these local and high-z samples. [Results]: The size of the Hα emitting region in the local U/LIRGs that we study has a wide range of values, with r 1/2(Hα) from 0.2 kpc to 7 kpc. However, about two-thirds of local U/LIRGs with L ir > 10 11.4 L ⊙ have compact Hα emission (i.e. r 1/2 2 kpc). These are systems that show evidence of pre-coalescence merger activity and are indistinguishable from the massive high-z SFGs galaxies in terms of their Hα sizes, and luminosity and SFR surface densities. © 2012 ESO.MGM is supported by the German federal department for education and research (BMBF) under the project number 50OS1101. This work has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) under grants ESP2007-65475- C02-01 and AYA2010-21161-C02-01.Peer Reviewe